https://doi.org/10.33573/ujoh2025.03.237
¹ Bohomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
² State Institution «Kundiiev Institute of Occupational Health of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», Kyiv, Ukraine
3 Shupyk National Healthcare University of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Full article (PDF), UKR
Introduction. The rapid development of nanotechnology increases the need for hygienic assessment of working conditions during nanomaterial production. Titanium dioxide (TiO₂) is of particular concern since its nanoparticles may cause oxidative stress, inflammation, and potential carcinogenic effects. The absence of national exposure limits in Ukraine complicates the assessment of occupational risks for workers.
Aim of the study. To assess the technological process and workplace factors during the production of titanium dioxide nanopowders obtained by thermal decomposition of metatitanic acid and to determine the level of occupational risk for operators.
Materials and Methods. TiO₂ nanopowders were produced at 600 °C using a multisection rotary furnace. The study included sanitary and hygienic inspections, psychophysiological and time-study methods, measurement of titanium concentrations in workplace air by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy, and analysis of particle fractions by laser granulometry. Microclimate, noise, lighting, and work tension were also evaluated.
Results. Titanium concentrations in workplace air ranged from 0.13 to 3.3 μg/m³, not exceeding permissible limits; however, TiO₂ nanoparticles sized 19.5–38.9 nm were detected. Working conditions corresponded to class 2 (acceptable) for microclimate, noise, and lighting, and class 3.1 (harmful, first degree) for labor tension. The risk level was assessed as medium, indicating the need for local exhaust ventilation and personal protective equipment.
Conclusions. The main occupational hazard during TiO₂ nanopowder production is the aerosol of nanoparticles formed during loading and unloading. Although overall conditions are acceptable, nanoparticle presence poses a potential risk to workers’ health. Improving ventilation, enhancing equipment sealing, and regular air monitoring are recommended.
Keywords: titanium dioxide, nanoparticles, physiological-hygienic assessment, working conditions, occupational risks, operator.
References