Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
Introduction. The combined effect of toxicants, which is most often found in nature, is the cause of many environmentally dependent multifactorial pathologies. The important regulatory role and perspective of the development of the adaptation process largely depends on bioelements [zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu)].
The aim of the research – is to study the level of Zn and Cu in the organs and tissues of experimental animals under the influence of various factors: adrenaline stress, ecotoxicants (cadmium compounds and nitrates and nitrites), energy drinks, food additives (phosphates).
Materials and methods of the research. Experimental studies were conducted on laboratory animals – sexually mature male rats weighing 170–220 g. Determination of the content of microelements was carried out by the method of atomic absorption spectrophotometry using a C-115PK and SHIMADZU AA-7000 spectrophotometer.
Results. A clear trend towards an increase in the level of Zn in the blood and liver under conditions of adrenaline stress was established in all experimental groups. Studies of the concentration of Cu in the blood showed that after a single injection of adrenaline, a 1.3-times increase was observed after 30 minutes, and after 24 hours, this indicator was at the same level as the values of the control group. The content of Cu in the liver increased in all experimental groups. Under the conditions of cadmium-nitrite intoxication, a significant (p < 0.001) increase in the level of Zn and Cu was established in the myocardium, liver, and brain. In the bones of experimental animals, the most significant decrease in Zn and Cu occurred on the 14th day – by 45% and 27%, respectively. A significant (p < 0.05) increase in the content of Zn and Cu in the liver and a decrease in Zn (in the early period) in the kidneys and spleen were established under the combined effect of toxicants (cadmium chloride and sodium nitrate). With excessive intake of phosphates for a month, Zn accumulation was observed in the liver – its level increased by 2.4 times, Cu content by 1.1 times. Regarding the level of these elements in the kidneys, Zn and Cu decreased by 1, 6, and 1.12 times, respectively.
Conclusions. Regardless of the factor that causes a stressful situation in the body of experimental animals, quantitative adaptation takes place, which is characterized by changes in the level of bioelements Zn and Cu in the blood and organs.
Key words: zinc, copper, adrenaline stress, ecotoxicants (cadmium compounds and nitrates and nitrites), energy drinks, food additives (phosphates)
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